Month: April 2022

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 10466-61-2, is researched, SMILESS is N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O.[H]Cl, Molecular C6H15ClN2OJournal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, International Journal of Peptide & Protein Research called Protease-catalyzed synthesis of Leu-enkephalin in a solvent-free system, Author is Klein, Jens Uwe; Cerovsky, Vaclav, the main research direction is enzymic peptide coupling leucine enkephalin; protease catalyst peptide coupling leucine enkephalin.Application of 10466-61-2.

The total enzymic synthesis of a model peptide Leu-enkephalin on a preparative scale was accomplished in the so-called solvent-free system. The syntheses were carried out in a rotary glass homogenizer by admixing solid reactants with native proteases and Na2CO3·10H2O. The most feasible way leading to biol. active Leu-enkephalin, was based on the strategy of 2 + (1 + 2) condensation catalyzed by α-chymotrypsin, thermolysin and papain for the final segment coupling. Subtilisin was used for the ester hydrolysis of peptide intermediates. Alternative strategies as well as the influence of several reaction conditions on the yield of the protease-catalyzed synthesis of Leu-enkephalin or Leu-enkephalin amide were also investigated.

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The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, is researched, Molecular C4H6O4, CAS is 931-40-8, about Kinetics modeling of glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol and urea over amberlyst-15 catalyst, the main research direction is glycerol carbonate urea amberlyst catalyst kinetic modeling.SDS of cas: 931-40-8.

Synthesize of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea is an attractive path as glycerol carbonate has a large potential as a green solvent. The aim of the present study was to develop a kinetic model of glycerol carbonate synthesis with amberlyst-15 resins as a catalyst. The investigation was carried out at various temperatures from 353 to 383 K and catalyst loading from 0.25 to 1 weight% of glycerol. The exptl. results indicated that both temperature and catalyst loading have an important effect on the glycerol conversion. According to the exptl. result, the highest glycerol conversion was found 36.90% which was obtained using a molar ratio of urea to glycerol 1:3, catalyst loading of 1 weight%, stirrer speed of 700 rpm, the temperature of 383 K and reaction time of 5 h. A kinetic model was developed based on elementary steps that take place over the catalyst. The model estimated that the pre-exponential factor was 2.89.104 mol.g-1.min-1 and the activation energy was 50.5 kJ.mol-1. By comparing the simulation and exptl. data, it could be inferred that the model could predict the trend of exptl. data well over the range of temperature and catalyst loading investigated in the present study.

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Petryaev, E. P.; Vasil’ev, G. N.; Maslovskaya, L. A.; Shadyro, O. I. published an article about the compound: 2-Chloroethyl acetate( cas:542-58-5,SMILESS:CC(OCCCl)=O ).Formula: C4H7ClO2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:542-58-5) through the article.

γ-Radiolysis of I (R = R1 = H) gave MeCHO, HCO2Et, C2H4, and CO2, whereas radiolysis of I (R = R1 = Me) gave only MeCHO and Me2CO. The 1st reaction proceeded via dioxolan-2-yl and -4-yl radicals; the 2nd proceeded only via the latter radical. Radiolysis of I (R = Me, R1 = H) and AcOCH2CH2Cl suggested that dioxolanyl radicals can fragment simultaneously at 2 bonds.

From this literature《Ways of fragmenting radicals of 1,3-dioxolanes》,we know some information about this compound(542-58-5)Formula: C4H7ClO2, but this is not all information, there are many literatures related to this compound(542-58-5).

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 542-58-5, is researched, SMILESS is CC(OCCCl)=O, Molecular C4H7ClO2Journal, Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, P.H.S., Journal of Biological Chemistry called Hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase. Apparent molal volumes and trimethyl and methyl subsites, Author is Hasan, Fariza B.; Cohen, Saul G.; Cohen, Jonathan B., the main research direction is acetylcholinesterase substrate structure activity; hydrophobicity acetylcholinesterase substrate; volume molal acetylcholinesterase substrate.Computed Properties of C4H7ClO2.

A study was made of hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) and by hydroxide of acetate esters RCH2CH2OCOCH3, where, in the following compounds, R is I, (CH3)3N+; II, (CH3)3; III, (CH3)2NH+; IV, (CH3)2CH; V, CH3NH2+; VI, CH3CH2; VII, NH3+; VIII, CH3; IX, H; X HO; XI, CH3O; XII, Cl; XIII, Br; XIV, CN. Acylation rate constants, k2, are normalized for reactivity in hydrolysis by hydroxide, k(OH). Comparison of Ks within the pairs, III and IV, V and VI, VII and VIII, and probably I and II, and the Ks for X-XIV with V and VII indicates that pos. charge makes little if any contribution to binding. I and II have similar normalized values of k2 and bimol. constants, k2(n)/Ks. IV, VI, and VIII have greater normalized values than the charged analogs III, V, and VII. The effect of pos. charge on kcat and k2 is attributed to the effect on intrinsic reactivity, k(OH). Pos. charge is not specifically activating in acylation and is absent in the very efficient deacylation. The generally accepted anionic site is better considered an uncharged trimethyl site, complementary to substrate (CH3)3X groups. A linear correlation is found between log (k2(n)/Ks) for all 14 compounds and apparent molal volume, V̅0, of the β substituents, R. Enzymic reactivity is determined predominantly by precision of fit of the β substituent in the trimethyl site and the acetyl Me in its Me site, which limits mobility of substrate and desolvates the substrate-enzyme interface.

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Quality Control of 4-Hydroxypicolinic acid. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 4-Hydroxypicolinic acid, is researched, Molecular C6H5NO3, CAS is 22468-26-4, about A hydroxypipecolic acid from thrift (Armeria maritima). Author is Fowden, L..

A hydroxypipecolic acid has been isolated from thrift and shown to be identical with a substance isolated from Acacia by Virtanen and Kari (C.A. 50, 4943e), who provisionally characterized it as 4-hydroxypipecolic acid (I). I has been synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of 4-hydroxypicolinic acid with H and PtO. 3-Hydroxypipecolic acid was also synthesized in a like manner from 3-hydroxypicolinic acid. Oxidation of the 4- and 3-isomers yielded β-alanine, glycine, and aspartic acids and β-alanine, glycine, γ-aminobutyric, and aspartic acids, resp. Comparisons with synthetic 4- and 3-isomers indicated that the isolated imino acid may be the 3-isomer. Strictly identical behavior of natural and synthetic 3-isomer could not be demonstrated since the 2 substances differed in stereoisomeric composition

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Computed Properties of C6H8N2. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 2-Ethylpyrazine, is researched, Molecular C6H8N2, CAS is 13925-00-3, about Microencapsulation of cocoa liquor nanoemulsion with whey protein using spray drying to protection of volatile compounds and antioxidant capacity.

The aim of this study was microencapsulated a nanoemulsion of cocoa liquor with whey protein by spray drying, and evaluate the effect of different inlet drying temperatures on the properties of microcapsules. The nanoemulsion showed a particle size of 202.13 nm, PdI of 0.424, and ζ-potential of -25.20 mV. The inlet drying temperature showed differences in physicochem. properties of microcapsules. Microcapsules presented good thermal stability and protection against the melting of cocoa liquor. Microcapsules obtained showed excellent yields of polyphenolic compounds (78-93%), and high retention of volatile compounds, especially of pyrazines. Greater microencapsulation yield of bioactive compounds and retention of volatile compounds was obtained at higher drying temperature (180°C). Excellent stability of polyphenols content, antioxidant capacity, and volatile compounds of cocoa liquor were observed during storage of the microcapsules at different temperature conditions, indicating the feasibility of this powder for its incorporation into functional foods.

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 13925-00-3, is researched, SMILESS is CCC1=NC=CN=C1, Molecular C6H8N2Journal, Article, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry called Analytical determination of the severity of potato taste defect in roasted East African Arabica coffee, Author is Cain, Caitlin N.; Haughn, Noah J.; Purcell, Hayley J.; Marney, Luke C.; Synovec, Robert E.; Thoumsin, Chelsea T.; Jackels, Susan C.; Skogerboe, Kristen J., the main research direction is potato taste defect methoxypyrazine Arabica coffee microextraction GC MS; 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine; Fisher-ratio analysis; coffee; gas chromatography−mass spectrometry; potato taste defect; solid-phase microextraction.Safety of 2-Ethylpyrazine.

The quality of East African coffee beans has been significantly reduced by a flavor defect known as potato taste defect (PTD) due to the presence of 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IPMP) and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP). Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the correlation between these methoxypyrazines and the severity of odor attributed to PTD and discover addnl. analytes that may be correlated with PTD using Fisher ratio anal., a supervised discovery-based data anal. method. Specialty ground roasted coffees from East Africa were classified as clean (i.e., no off-odor), mild, medium, or strong PTD. For the samples examined, IPMP was found to discriminate between non-defective and defective samples, while IBMP did not do so. Samples affected by PTD exhibited a wide range of IPMP concentration (1.6-529.9 ng/g). Except for one sample, the IPMP concentration in defective samples was greater than the average IPMP concentration in the non-defective samples (2.0 ng/g). Also, an anal. of variance found that IPMP concentrations were significantly different based on the severity of odor attributed to PTD (p < 0.05). Fisher ratio anal. discovered 21 addnl. analytes whose concentrations were statistically different based on the severity of PTD odor (p < 0.05). Generally, analytes that were pos. correlated with odor severity generally had unpleasant sensory descriptions, while analytes typically associated with desirable aromas were found to be neg. correlated with odor severity. These findings not only show that IPMP concentration can differentiate the severity of PTD but also that changes in the volatile analyte profile of coffee beans induced by PTD can contribute to odor severity. When you point to this article, it is believed that you are also very interested in this compound(13925-00-3)Safety of 2-Ethylpyrazine and due to space limitations, I can only present the most important information.

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Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: Ethyl 5-chloro-3-formyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C12H10ClNO3, CAS is 43142-76-3, about Synthesis of some diazocino, diazepino and pyridazinoindoles.Computed Properties of C12H10ClNO3.

The trials and method used for the synthesis of diazocino[6,7-b]indoles (I, R, R1 = H, Me; X = H, Cl) by reacting aldehydic indole esters with o-phenylenediamines are described. [1,2]Diazepino[4,5-b]indoles (II, R = H, Me) were obtained from hydrazinolysis of the oxopropyl derivatives which were in turn produced by reductive hydrolysis of nitrovinylindoles. Pyridazino[4,5-b]indoles (III, R = H, Me), were prepared either via hydrazinolysis of 3-cyano-2-ethoxy-carbonylindoles to produce the intermediates 3-cyano-2-hydrazinocarbonylindoles followed by cyclization, or directly by heating 3-cyano-2-ethoxy-carbonylindoles with hydrazine. Condensation of the indole carboxyaldehyde with some aromatic amines yielded the Schiff bases.

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Related Products of 10466-61-2. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: H-Leu-NH2.HCl, is researched, Molecular C6H15ClN2O, CAS is 10466-61-2, about Behavior of 3-Isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (IBHP), a Key Intermediate in 3-Isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP) Metabolism, in Ripening Wine Grapes.

3-Isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (IBHP) is thought to be a key intermediate in both the biosynthesis and degradation of the herbaceous-smelling 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), but its behavior during the growing season is not well understood. First, an improved method for IBHP quantification was developed. A deuterated IBHP standard was added to samples prior to isolation by mixed-mode cation exchange solid phase extraction Extracts were silylated prior to quantification by GC-MS. A limit of detection of ca. 20 ng/L could be achieved for a 100 mL juice sample. This method was used to quantify IBHP during the 2010 growing season in berries of two clones of Cabernet franc in the Finger Lakes region of New York and of Merlot grown in the California Central Valley. For all three sources, IBHP was detectable at the earliest sampling point, and its concentration per berry increased to a maximum around veraison, 208-477 pg/berry. On a per berry basis, IBHP peaked and began to decline 1-2 wk after IBMP, indicating that previous studies that sampled preveraison fruit have missed the true maximum value of IBHP. The highest per berry concentration of IBHP observed was in the California Merlot. However, after veraison, IBHP declined more rapidly in the California Merlot than in the New York Cabernet franc, such that the Merlot had the lowest IBHP concentration at harvest. Thus, IBHP at harvest cannot be used as a proxy for IBMP at veraison as was previously suggested.

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Safety of 2-Ethylpyrazine. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 2-Ethylpyrazine, is researched, Molecular C6H8N2, CAS is 13925-00-3, about Profiles of volatile compounds and sensory characteristics of Robusta coffee beans roasted by hot air and superheated steam. Author is Chindapan, Nathamol; Puangngoen, Chanakan; Devahastin, Sakamon.

Although superheated steam (SHS) roasting has proved to be capable of improving selected quality of roasted Robusta coffee beans, impact of SHS roasting on aroma characteristics of the beans is not well understood. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effect of SHS roasting on aroma profiles and sensory characteristics of Robusta beans undergone SHS roasting at 190-250°C; results were compared with those of beans roasted by hot air (HA). Sensory characteristics of selected samples were also compared with HA-roasted Arabica beans. Forty five aroma compounds were identified; most were fully developed in beans roasted at 230°C and tended to degrade in beans roasted at 250°C. The SHS roasting led to more extensive formation of aroma compounds contributing to caramel note, while helped reduce formation of major contributors to spicy, roasty and burnt notes. The SHS-roasted Robusta beans exhibited more resemblance to Arabica beans than their HA-roasted counterpart.

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