Category: 33100-27-5

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Thermochemical behaviour of crown ethers in the mixtures of water with organic solvents: Part VII. Enthalpy of solution of 15-crown-5 and benzo-15-crown-5 in the mixtures of water with acetone at 298.15 K

Enthalpy of solution of crown ethers (15-crown-5 and benzo-15-crown-5) in water-acetone mixtures have been measured within the whole range of mole fraction at 298.15 K. The obtained data have been compared with those of the solution enthalpy of both crown ethers in the mixtures of water with dimethyl sulfoxide. The replacement of -S=O group with -C=O in the molecule of the organic solvent brings about an increase in the exothermic effect of the solution of 15-crown-5 and benzo-15-crown-5 ethers, especially in the mixtures with a medium water content. The observed effect is connected with the preferential solvation of the molecules of both crown ethers by acetone molecules in the water-acetone mixtures. The process of preferential solvation of 15-crown-5 and benzo-15-crown-5 ethers does not take place in the water-dimethyl sulfoxide mixture.

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Thermolysis of the benzene anion radical 18-crown-6 complex

The C-O and G-H bonds of 18-crown-6 are activated when 18-crown-6 is complexed with the potassium salt of the benzene anion radical. Evacuated glass bulbs containing the solid anion radical salt of potassium 18-crown-6 benzene anion radical were plunged into a bath at 320 C, resulting in mini-explosions and generating a series of compounds including dioxane, 2-methyl1,3-dioxolane, divinyl ether, hydrogen, methane, and 15-crown-5. Deuterium labeling studies proved that all of these compounds originated from the 18-crown-6. Further, these labeling studies were an aid in discerning the mechanism of the decomposition. Benzene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, and cyclohexene were also generated. The last two originated from the reaction of the anion radical of benzene with hydrogen.

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Electron Spin Resonance Study of Cu(II)-Crown Ether Complexes with 3dZ2 Ground State Doublet in Solution

Copper(II) chloride and crown ethers (12-crown-4, 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6) formed orange or orange-yellow complexes in dry chloroform.We found that the ESR g-anisotropy of the complexes was greatly dependent on the numbers of donor oxygens and the ring-numbers.The complexes obtained from 12-crown-4 and 18-crown-6 showed g-anisotropy (g<*> above g<*>); these are well characterized by the 3d<*>, or 3dxy ground state.On the other hand, the complexes of 15-crown-5 and its benzo derivatives exhibited the reverse g-anisotropy (g<*> less than g<*>); these are characterized by the 3dz2 ground state with S = 1/2.The electron nuclear dipolar term and the Fermi’s isotropic term were estimated from the ESR parameters based on Bleaney’s calculation.The chlorine superhyperfine splittings were observed in the g<*>-component.The MO bonding parameters were estimated by assuming the compressed octahedral, the trigonal bipyramidal, and pentagonal bipyramidal geometry at the paramagnetic site.The bonding nature was studied on the basis of the observed ligand spin densities.

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33100-27-5. Let¡¯s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner¡¯s point of view. Like 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane. In a document type is Review, introducing its new discovery.

Fluorescent probes for the detection of magnesium ions (Mg2+): From design to application

Magnesium ions (Mg2+) play essential roles in various physiological and pathological processes, its abnormal homeostasis in cells is related to many diseases, such as diabetes, neuromuscular disorders, hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. Investigation on the regulation of magnesium in cellular processes has attracted considerable interest in the past several decades. Among those reported strategies, fluorescent imaging technology has become a powerful and cost-effective tool for the real-time monitoring of magnesium distribution, uptake and trafficking, due to its superior features of high sensitivity and non-invasiveness, as well as excellent spatial and temporal fidelity. Herein, we critically summarize the progresses in the intracellular magnesium detection with fluorescent imaging probes. Our discussion focuses on the recent contributions concerning fluorescent imaging probes for mapping magnesium in biological processes. All the candidates are organized according to their acceptor structures. The sensing mechanisms of fluorescent probes are also highly taken into account. Challenges, trends and prospects of fluorescent imaging technology in magnesium detection are also set forth.

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Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Article, the author is Daly, Scott R. and a compound is mentioned, 33100-27-5, 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, introducing its new discovery. 33100-27-5

Synthesis and structural diversity of barium (N,N-dimethylamino)diboranates

The reaction of a slurry of BaBr2 in a minimal amount of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with 2 equiv of Na(H3BNMe2BH 3) in diethyl ether followed by crystallization from diethyl ether at -20 C yields crystals of Ba(H3BNMe2BH 3)2(Et2O)2 (1). Drying 1 at room temperature under vacuum gives the partially desolvated analogue Ba(H 3BNMe2BH3)2(Et2O) x (1?) as a free-flowing white solid, where the value of x varies from <0.1 to about 0.4 depending on whether desolvation is carried out with or without heating. The reaction of 1 or 1? with Lewis bases that bind more strongly to barium than diethyl ether results in the formation of new complexes Ba(H3BNMe2BH3)2(L), where L = 1,2-dimethoxyethane (2), N,N,N?,N?-tetramethylethylenediamine (3), 12-crown-4 (4), 18-crown-6 (5), N,N,N?,N?- tetraethylethylenediamine (6), and N,N,N?,N?,N?- pentamethylethylenetriamine (7). Recrystallization of 4 and 5 from THF affords the related compounds Ba(H3BNMe2BH3) 2(12-crown-4)(THF) ¡¤THF (4?) and Ba(H 3BNMe2BH3)2(18-crown-6) ¡¤2THF (5?). In addition, the reaction of BaBr2 with 2 equiv of Na(H3BNMe2BH3) in the presence of diglyme yields Ba(H3BNMe2BH3)2(diglyme) 2 (8), and the reaction of 1 with 15-crown-5 affords the diadduct [Ba(15-crown-5)2][H3BNMe2BH3] 2 (9). Finally, the reaction of BaBr2 with Na(H 3BNMe2BH3) in THF, followed by the addition of 12-crown-4, affords the unusual salt [Na(12-crown-4)2][Ba(H 3BNMe2BH3)3(THF)2] (10). All of these complexes have been characterized by IR and 1H and 11B NMR spectroscopy, and the structures of compounds 1-3, 4?, 5?, and 6-10 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. As the steric demand of the Lewis bases increases, the structure changes from polymers to dimers to monomers and then to charge-separated species. Despite the fact that several of the barium complexes are monomeric in the solid state, none is appreciably volatile up to 200 C at 10-2 Torr. Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 33100-27-5!, 33100-27-5

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Let¡¯s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner¡¯s point of view. Like 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane. In a document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., 33100-27-5

Effectiveness and Limitations of Computational Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry in the Rational Design of Target-specific Shift Reagents for Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a gas-phase separation technique based on ion mobility differences in an electric field. It is largely used for the detection of specific ions such as small molecule explosives. IMS detection system includes the use of e. g. a Faraday cupor mass spectrometry (MS). The presence of interfering ion signals in standalone IMS may lead to the detection of false positives or negatives due to e. g. lacking resolving power. In this case, selective mobility shifts obtained using shift reagents (SR), i. e. ligands complexing a specific target, can bring help. The effectiveness of an SR strategy relies on the SR-target ion selectivity. The crucial step lies in the SR design. The aim of this paper is to present an efficient interplay of experimental ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS) and predictive computational chemistry using various levels of computational efforts for rationally designing target-specific SR. Mass spectrometry is used to evaluate the efficiency of the SR selectivity with identification and semi-quantification of free and complexed ions. Minimal computational efforts allow the design of the SR, predicting the SR-target ion relative stabilities, and predicting the ion mobility shifts. We demonstrate our approach using crown ethers and beta-cyclodextrin to selectively shift interfering perchlorate, amino acids and diaminonaphthalene isomers. We also release the software ParsIMoS for the straightforward use of ion mobility calculator IMoS.

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33100-27-5, Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, get their minds active, and encourage them to do something that doesn¡¯t involve a screen. 33100-27-5, C10H20O5. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery.

Transition-Metal-Crown-Ether Complexes. III. Seven-Coordinate CoII in Dinitratocobalt(II)-12-Crown-4 and Diaquacobalt(II) Dinitrate-15-Crown-5

The structures of CoII(NO3)2(12-crown-4), , (I), and CoII(H2O)2(15-crown-5)(NO3)2, (NO3)2, (II), have been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data at 291(2) K and refined by least-squares methods to R = 2.7 and 4.7 percent respectively. (I) crystallizes in orthorhombic space group Pna21, a = 12.478(3), b = 7.567(2), c = 14.231(6) Angstroem, V = 1343.7(8) Angstroem3, Z = 4, Dm = 1.75, Dc = 1.775 Mg m-3 and (II) crystallizes in tetragonal space group P41212, a = b = 8.079(1), c = 27.231(5) Angstroem, Z = 4, V = 1777.4(5) Angstroem3, Dm = 1.66 and Dc = 1.641 Mg m-3.The oxygen atoms of each crown-ether ring are directly coordinated to CoII, which is seven coordinate in each structure by additional coordination to two oxygens of one nitrate group and one oxygen of the other nitrate group in (I) and coordination to two water oxygens in (II).

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Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, 33100-27-5.

Fermi-level-controlled semiconducting-separated carbon nanotube films for flexible terahertz imagers

Carbon-nanotube-related (CNT-related) materials and structures are highly anticipated as potential building blocks for future flexible electronics and photonics. Despite the various promising applications of CNT-related materials, one obstacle is the lack of ability to globally control and tune the Fermi level of microscale-thick CNT films because these films require a certain thickness to maintain their free-standing shape and freely bendable flexibility. In this work, we report on Fermi-level-controlled flexible and bendable terahertz (THz) imagers with chemically adjustable Fermi-level-tuning methods for CNT films. By utilizing the electronic-double-layer technique with ionic liquids, we obtained an on/off resistance ratio (2758) for a semiconducting-separated CNT film with a thickness of 30 mum and tuned the Fermi level at an optimal gate voltage to maximize the THz detector performance. In addition, the development of a gate-free tunable doping technology based on a variable-concentration dopant solution enabled the fabrication of a Fermi-level-tuned p-n junction CNT THz imager. The demonstrated chemically tunable doping capability will facilitate the realization of flexible THz imaging applications and, when combined with a low-cost fabrication method such as an inkjet coating process, will lead to large-area THz photonic devices.

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Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Article, the author is Dranka, Maciej and a compound is mentioned, 33100-27-5, 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, introducing its new discovery. 33100-27-5

Coordination Abilities of 4,5-Dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolate Anion toward Sodium Cation: Structural and Spectroscopic Studies of Solid and Liquid Glyme-Solvated Electrolyte Systems

Comprehensive structural analysis of sodium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolate (NaTDI) solvates with glymes (1-4), tetrahydrofuran, and crown ethers has been performed. Several structural motifs obtained from single-crystal X-ray analysis of complementary series of crystalline adducts with varying O:Na ratios were correlated with spectroscopic and thermal data to provide new information about the coordination ability of heterocyclic anions toward sodium cations. Presented results provide a basis for developing models of poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes and liquid systems for sodium ion battery electrolytes. We have found a wide variety of anion-cation coordination types which allow us to compare them with analogous lithium solvates in terms of Brown’s valence-matching principle and Lewis acid strength (Sa) parameters. Noticed aggregation modes of sodium salts confirm the occurrence of a solvate disproportionation conductivity mechanism at high salt concentrations which can be used for developing new heterocyclic salt systems for sodium batteries.

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33100-27-5. Let¡¯s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner¡¯s point of view. Like 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane. In a document type is Article, introducing its new discovery.

Solution state chemistry of scandium(III): A study of scandium-crown ether complexes by 45Sc -NMR spectroscopy

Addition of SbCl5 (1 mol) to ScCl3 (THF)3 (1 mol) in acetonitrile followed by in situ addition of a crown ether (1 mol) provides the [ScCl2 (crown)][SbCl6] complexes where crown = 15-crown-5, dibenzo-24-crown-8, dibenzo-30-crown-10, 1-aza-15-crown-5 and 1-aza-18-crown-6. In the particular case of crown = 12-crown-4, both [ScCl2 (crown)]+ and [Sc (crown)2]3+ cations are produced. Characterisation of these various cationic Sc(III) species in terms of solution structures has been established by 45Sc-NMR spectroscopic studies.

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