Category: 33100-27-5

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5. In a Article，once mentioned of 33100-27-5, Computed Properties of C10H20O5

We report the preparation of a range of alkali metal uranyl(VI) tri-bis(silyl)amide complexes [{M(THF)x}{(mu-O)U(O)(N?)3}] (1M) (N? = {N(SiMe3)2}-, M = Li, Na, x = 2; M = K, x = 3; M = K, Rb, Cs, x = 0) containing electrostatic alkali metal uranyl-oxo interactions. Reaction of 1M with 2,2,2-cryptand or 2 equiv of the appropriate crown ether resulted in the isolation of the separated ion pair species [U(O)2(N?)3][M(2,2,2-cryptand)] (3M, M = Li-Cs) and [U(O)2(N?)3][M(crown)2] (4M, M = Li, crown = 12-crown-4 ether; M = Na-Cs, crown = 15-crown-5 ether). A combination of crystallographic studies and IR, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies has revealed that the 1M series adopts contact ion pair motifs in the solid state where the alkali metal caps one of the uranyl-oxo groups. Upon dissolution in THF solution, this contact is lost, and instead, separated ion pair motifs are observed, which is confirmed by the isolation of [U(O)2(N?)3][M(THF)n] (2M) (M = Li, n = 4; M = Na, K, n = 6). The compounds have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR, Raman, and UV-vis spectroscopies, and elemental analyses.

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Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5, belongs to chiral-catalyst compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 33100-27-5, Safety of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted great attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties derived from the dimensionality effect and modulation in their band structure. Herein, an important industrial catalytic material, gamma alumina (gamma-Al2O3) with well-defined two-dimensional nanosheet structure was fabricated by a designed crown ether induced assembly approach. The obtained gamma-Al2O3 nanosheets with a thickness of ?4 nm possess high surface area (351 m2/g) and 16% pentacoordinate Al3+ sites which are the main catalytic active sites for ethanol dehydration to ethylene, compared to almost no pentacoordinate Al3+ sites for the commercial gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles. Furtherly, systematical investigation reveals that the crown ether plays the key role in the assembly of nanosheet structure. As a catalyst for ethanol dehydration to ethylene, the obtained alumina nanosheets with easily-accessible surface and more active sites, exhibit a superior catalytic performance to the commercial alumina with a much higher yield at large space velocity.

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Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

In an article, published in an article, once mentioned the application of 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane,molecular formula is C10H20O5, is a conventional compound. this article was the specific content is as follows.Product Details of 33100-27-5

15-Crown-5 and 18-crown-6 ethers bearing substituents on the ether ring have been studied as catalysts for the Finkelstein reaction and as agents for solubilization of alkali metal picrates in n-heptane.All of these substituted crown ethers form stable complexes with Na+ and K+.These with highly lipophilic substituents are much more effective than the parent unsubstituted crown ethers as catalysts and as solubilizing agents.Both types of activity are affected by the bulk and the shape of the lipophilic substituent.

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Chiral Catalysts,
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A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5. In a Article，once mentioned of 33100-27-5, Formula: C10H20O5

Molybdenum complexes that contain a new TREN-based ligand [(3,5-(2,5-diisopropyl-pyrrolyl)2C6H3NCH 2CH2)3N]3- ([DPPN3N] 3-) that are relevant to the catalytic reduction of dinitrogen have been prepared. They are [Bu4N]{[DPPN3N]MoN2}, [DPPN3N]MoN2, [DPPN3N]MoN=NH, {[DPPN 3N]MoN=NH2}[BArf4], [DPPN 3N]Mo?N, {[DPPN3N]Mo?NH}[BArf 4], and {[DPPN3N]MoNH3}[BArf 4]. NMR and IR data for [Bu4N]{[DPPN3N]MoN 2} and [DPPN3N]MoN2 are close to those reported for the analogous [HIPTN3N]3- compounds (HIPT = hexaisopropylterphenyl), which suggests that the degree of reduction of dinitrogen is virtually identical in the two systems. However, X-ray studies and several exchange studies support the conclusion that the apical pocket is less protected in [DPPN3N]Mo complexes than in [HIPTN3N]Mo complexes. For example, 15N/14N exchange studies showed that exchange in [DPPN3N]MoN2 is relatively facile (t 1/2 a 1 h at 1 atm) and depends upon dinitrogen pressure, in contrast to the exchange in [HIPTN3N]MoN2. Several of the [DPPN3N]Mo complexes, e.g., the [DPPN3N]MoN2 and [DPPN3N]MoNH3 species, are also less stable in solution than the analogous “parent” [HIPTN3N]Mo complexes. Four attempted catalytic reductions of dinitrogen with [DPPN3N]MoN yielded 2.53 ± 0.35 equiv of total ammonia. These studies reveal more than any other just how sensitive a successful catalytic reduction is to small changes in the triamidoamine supporting ligand.

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Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

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The chemical activation of biological proteins is outlined, in which small molecules are used to alter the chemical and physical properties of biological proteins through direct or indirect interactions. Crown ethers have the potential to modulate the protein functions by supramolecular complexations, because they bind alkylammonium and other ionic residues of the proteins as well as ionic components in their systems. Two interesting examples are described in which crown ether derivatives improved the protein functions: (1) enhancement of reactivity and enantioselectivity in lipase-catalyzed asymmetric reactions; and (2) generation of catalytic activity in the oxidation with cytochrome c. This chemical activation based on crown ether chemistry can be viewed as a complementary method to biological mutation in modifying the biological protein functions.

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Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5. In a Article，once mentioned of 33100-27-5, Recommanded Product: 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Thermodynamics of 18-crown-6 complexes with ammonium cations (NH4, MeNH3, Me2NH2, Me3NH, Me4N, Et4N, PhNH3, and PhCH2NH3) in methanol were determined by titration calorimetry. The results show strong contributions from entropy terms counteracting the enthalpy of complexation, and a linear decrease of the complexation free energy DeltaG with the number of available N-H hydrogen bonds. In several cases formation of relatively strong complexes containing two ammonium ions per crown unit was observed. Tetramethylammonium ions show no detectable association with the crown ether, demonstrating the absence of significant Coulomb-type interaction between the partial charges at the crown ether oxygen and the N+-C-H atoms. Ammonium ions bind to aza crown ethers with almost equal affinity as to the all- oxygen anologs only, if methyl groups at the nitrogen atoms force the lone pairs into equatorial position. Molecular mechanics calculations (CHARMm) of corresponding gas-phase complexes yield geometries and energies in agreement with this, with energetically equally good conformations of an essentially undistorted D(3d) crown accepting either 3 linear hydrogen bonds, or 6 bifurcated bonds from the primary ammonium cations. Complexation equilibria were measured with PhNH3, and PhCH2NH3 in water, 2-propanol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-octanol, DMF, DMSO, pyridine, HMPT and acetone mostly by calorimetry, in some cases by potentiometry. The observed association constants varied by factors of up to 1000; the solvent effects can be described generally as a linear function of the hydrogen bond accepting power of the solvent molecules, in line with the mechanisms derived above. The lgK and DeltaH values of the complexation of the PhNH3 or PHCH2NH3 cation with 18-crown-6 ligand are compared with a large range of available solvent properties. The best correlations (R ? 0.9) for lgK (or DeltaG) are obtained with values characterizing the electron donor capacity of the solvent (Ca, beta*, DN) for lgK, as found earlier for complexes between K+ and 18C6.

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Reference：
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5, belongs to chiral-catalyst compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 33100-27-5, Recommanded Product: 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Quantitative interactions of alkali metal cations with the cyclic 12-crown-4 polyether ligand (12C4) are studied. Experimentally, Rb +(12C4) and Cs+(12C4) complexes are formed using electrospray ionization and their bond dissociation energies (BDEs) determined using threshold collision-induced dissociation of these complexes with xenon in a guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer. The energy-dependent cross sections thus obtained are interpreted using an analysis that includes consideration of unimolecular decay rates, internal energy of the reactant ions, and multiple ion-neutral collisions. 0 K BDEs of 151.5 ± 9.7 and 137.0 ± 8.7 kJ/mol, respectively, are determined and exceed those previously measured by 60 and 54 kJ/mol, respectively, consistent with the hypothesis proposed there that excited conformers had been studied. In order to provide comparable thermochemical results for the Na+(12C4) and K+(12C4) systems, the published data for these systems are reinterpreted using the same analysis techniques, which have advanced since the original data were acquired. Revised BDEs for these systems are obtained as 243.9 ± 12.6 and 182.0 ± 17.3 kJ/mol, respectively, which are within experimental uncertainty of the previously reported values. In addition, quantum chemical calculations are conducted at the B3LYP and MP2(full) levels of theory with geometries and zero point energies calculated at the B3LYP level using both HW*/6-311+G(2d,2p) and def2-TZVPPD basis sets. The theoretical results are in reasonable agreement with experiment, with B3LYP/def2-TZVPPD values being in particularly good agreement. Computations also allow the potential energy surfaces for dissociation of the M+(12C4) complexes to be elucidated. These are used to help explain why the previous studies formed excited conformers of Rb+(12C4) and Cs+(12C4) but apparently not of Na +(12C4) and K+(12C4).

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Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

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The complexation reactions of crown ethers with monovalent cations and Ba2+ were studied in acetonitrile solutions by means of calorimetric and potentiometric titration.The reaction enthalpies measured clearly demonstrate the influence of the interactions between 18-crown-6 and the acetonitrile solvent molecules.Changing the donor atoms or other substituents on the ligand molecule can exert a strong influence on the interactions with the solvent.Thus, all the reaction enthalpies measured for the reaction of 15-crown-5 with different cations are higher compared with 18-crown-6.On comparison with results in methanol, an approximate estimation is made of the influence of solvent molecules on the reaction enthalpies measured in acetonitrile.Due to the strong interaction between silver ion and acetonitrile, complex formation is only observed with crown ethers containing additional nitrogen or sulphur donor atoms.

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Chiral Catalysts,
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The complexation behaviour of crown and ariat ethers with alkali metal ions has been assessed by means of FAB-mass spectrometry and shown to correlate semi-quantitatively with findings obtained in the solution phase.

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Chiral Catalysts,
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Reference of 33100-27-5, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 33100-27-5, Name is 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane, molecular formula is C10H20O5. In a Article，once mentioned of 33100-27-5

The relation between molecular structure and intramolecular hydrogen bonding was observed in polyfunctional oxonium ions in terms of the enthalpy and entropy of the internal bond; the thermal stability of the bond as reflected by the bond opening temperature, the bond weakening factor, and the entropy of ‘cyclization’ per single C-C, C-O, or C-N bond incorporated into the ring. It was found that in the smallest compounds the ‘cyclic’ structure may amount only to a stabilized cis conformation, while in the largest compounds the hydrogen bond approaches its full intermolecular strength. Together with previous results, the present data show that intramolecular bonding is prevalent in complex organic ions.

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Reference：
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare